直方图

• 十(ten; vertical)ASSOCIATIVE
• 目(eye)RADICAL
• 一(one; straight line)ASSOCIATIVE

An eye looking straight down one line without deviation is what makes something upright and straightforward.

• 方(direction; perpendicular (pictograph—plow or boat with oar))ASSOCIATIVE

A plow or oar shape represents the concept of direction or region.

• 囗(surround; square frame)RADICAL
• 冬(winter)PHONETIC

A map is a frame enclosing all regions of land, and when read closely sounds like "dong" (winter).