少年夫妻老来伴

• 小(small; tiny)RADICAL
• 丿(stroke; reduce)ASSOCIATIVE

Take the small character and remove one more stroke, and you get something scarce or meager.

• 干(rice plant; grain stalk)ASSOCIATIVE

A mature grain stalk represents one harvest season, which symbolizes one year.

• 耂(old person; elderly (pictographic variant))RADICAL
• 匕(spoon; curved)ASSOCIATIVE

An old person with a hunched back curved like a spoon is the image of this character.

• 木(tree; plant; stick)ASSOCIATIVE
• 从(follow; accompany)ASSOCIATIVE

Wheat (a plant with a person beneath it) is something people bring, so this character means 'to come' or 'to arrive'.

• 亻(person; human; man)RADICAL
• 半(half)PHONO-SEMANTIC

A companion is a person who shares half of life's journey with you.